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Specific Gravity of Bunker Oil Impact on DP Level Measurement?

Hi Level Track members. I received this question in an email and wanted to ask for your guidance:

We want use Diff. Pressure to measure the level of a tank. My concern is the varying SG (density) of the liquid – in this case fuel (or Bunker) oil, as well as the effects of varying temperature on the oil. Will this seriously affect the accuracy of the transmitter?

Thanks in advance for your help!

6 Replies

  • Jim,

    While DP is still the most widely used instrument to measure level.  However, DP wouldn’t be my first choice if the SG and the temperature of my process changes significantly.  It seems like that is what you are having with your application.  I would consider using radar technology assuming you have opening at the top of your tank.

  • Jim
     
    Good question!  Bunker fuel is a residual fuel, so it has a pretty wide range of densities.   Typical specific gravities can range from 0.93 to 0.96, or perhaps even higher.  This would have a direct impact on the accuracy of a level measurement using differential pressure.  Using the above numbers, say you have 100 inches of 0.96 sg (960kg/m^3) bunker fuel:
     
    Pressure reading:  100 inches * 0.96 = 96 inches H2O.
     
    If this tank is now filled with 100 inches of 0.93 sg bunker fuel
     
    Pressure reading:  100 inches * 0.93 = 93 inches of H2O.
     
    Based on some quick research I did, density of fuel oil reduces 0.64% for every 10 degree C increase in temperature.  So temperature will also impact the accuracy of the level reading.
     
    Adding all of this up, variation in the bunker fuel itself, combined with changes in density due to temperature,  it’d be easy to see a level measurement error of +/- 2.5 percent or more.  
     
    As a suggestion, radar level would be immune to all of these effects, and thus would provide a much more accurate level measurement.  This of course would require a tank top installation.
     
    Tom
     
     
    Tom Moser | T +1 952 949 7077 | M +1 612 356 0176
     
     
     
    From: Jim Cahill [mailto:bounce-Jim_Cahill@community.emerson.com]
    Sent: Friday, October 19, 2012 8:40 AM
    To: Level@community.emerson.com
    Subject: [EE365 Level Track] Specific Gravity of Bunker Oil Impact on DP Level Measurement?
     

    Hi Level Track members. I received this question in an email and wanted to ask for your guidance:

    We want use Diff. Pressure to measure the level of a tank. My concern is the varying SG (density) of the liquid – in this case fuel (or Bunker) oil, as well as the effects of varying temperature on the oil. Will this seriously affect the accuracy of the transmitter?

    Thanks in advance for your help!

  • In reply to Tom Moser:

    I sent an email to the person asking the question pointing them to this thread.

    I suggested that they join the Emerson Exchange 365 community and this track given the high quality of wisdom shared! ;-)

  • In reply to Jim Cahill:

    Jim,

    When you have an application with varying specific gravity, the differential pressure level measurement will be affected by the changes in the specific gravity. Depending on the application, it could be better to use a radar device to measure the level instead as it is not affected by changes in the specific gravity. It depends on the measurement accuracy requirements, the process conditions, and the specifics of your tank. If you are more comfortable with using Differential Pressure, you may find that with your application, differential pressure can get you the level measurement that you need. But taking a look at what radar could do for you given the changes in specific gravity would be recommended.

    If you did decide that radar would be better for your application but are limited by side connections on your tank, as long as you have a top side connection, you could use guided wave radar with a long stud which would help hold the probe away from the tank wall. You would also want to use a centering disk to hold the probe away from the tank wall at the bottom of the probe as well.

  • Good reply Lydia

    Sent from my iPhone - Thank you


    On Oct 19, 2012, at 4:43 PM, "Lydia Miller" <bounce-Lydia_Miller@community.emerson.com> wrote:

    Jim,

    When you have an application with varying specific gravity, the differential pressure level measurement will be affected by the changes in the specific gravity. Depending on the application, it could be better to use a radar device to measure the level instead as it is not affected by changes in the specific gravity. It depends on the measurement accuracy requirements, the process conditions, and the specifics of your tank. If you are more comfortable with using Differential Pressure, you may find that with your application, differential pressure can get you the level measurement that you need. But taking a look at what radar could do for you given the changes in specific gravity would be recommended.

    If you did decide that radar would be better for your application but are limited by side connections on your tank, as long as you have a top side connection, you could use guided wave radar with a long stud which would help hold the probe away from the tank wall. You would also want to use a centering disk to hold the probe away from the tank wall at the bottom of the probe as well.

  • Hello all,
     
    Just to comment without addressing the actual question in the subject line,
     
    As the other has mentioned already. Radar is probably a good fit.
    Without knowing the accuracy requirements nor the budget it is hard to judge your best way forward though.
     
    For big (?)tanks, you would need temperature reading(s) from the tank to get proper standard volume calculations which often is what the client wants to know
    for a storage tank.
     
    ToF radars or, if the accuracy requirements are higher, FMCW.
    They all, + multi/single spot temperature and pressure measurement fit into the [shameless plug] Raptor System [shameless plug] .
     
    Just my slightly biased take on this.
     
    Thanks
     
    //Håkan
    Best Regards
    Håkan Jubel  Mobile +46 708 47 59 51
    Hakan.Jubel@Emerson.com
    Bookmark Icons Twitter
     
     
     
    From: Jim Cahill [mailto:bounce-Jim_Cahill@community.emerson.com]
    Sent: Friday, October 19, 2012 3:40 PM
    To: Level@community.emerson.com
    Subject: [EE365 Level Track] Specific Gravity of Bunker Oil Impact on DP Level Measurement?
     

    Hi Level Track members. I received this question in an email and wanted to ask for your guidance:

    We want use Diff. Pressure to measure the level of a tank. My concern is the varying SG (density) of the liquid – in this case fuel (or Bunker) oil, as well as the effects of varying temperature on the oil. Will this seriously affect the accuracy of the transmitter?

    Thanks in advance for your help!